Here are the 5 steps to harden off seedlings before planting in the garden:
Gradually expose seedlings to outdoor conditions by placing them outside for a few hours each day, starting in a sheltered spot and gradually moving to a more exposed area.
Increase the amount of time seedlings spend outdoors each day over a two week period.
Protect seedlings from extreme weather conditions, such as heavy rain, strong winds, and direct sunlight.
Water seedlings regularly and adjust the watering schedule as needed to account for changes in weather and soil moisture.
Monitor seedlings closely for signs of stress or damage, and adjust the hardening-off process as needed to ensure their health and survival.
A gradual exposure
I often start hardening off my seedlings in the early morning out of direct sunlight. The process is spread out over two weeks.
Day 1 set outside in the morning for 1 -2 hours in a shaded, sheltered location.
Day2-7 increase the duration by one hour each day (Day 7 your seedling should be out from 6 am - to noon)
Day 8 - 10 Continue increasing your time by 1 hour each day but start to expose yourself to sun and wind. (avoiding the hottest part of the day)
Day 11-13 Increase your time by 1 hour each day exposing them to all elements, and you should now be noticing your seedlings getting stronger.
On day 14, your seedling should be ready to stay out overnight.
How to protect seedlings from wind and rain when hardening off
You can protect your seedlings from wind and rain during the hardening-off process by placing them in a sheltered area, such as a porch or under a tree. You can also use a protective cover, such as a row cover to shield them from the elements. Make sure to gradually expose them to the wind and rain over time to help them acclimate to outdoor conditions.
Don't forget to water regularly
When placing your plants in the elements you may have to adjust your watering schedule to fit their new environment. You may have to water more frequently due to the wind and fluctuating temperatures. Keep an eye on your soil and remember to do a finger test (stick your finger into the soil to your first knuckle if it is dry then it's time to water) before you water to prevent over-watering
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Watch them closely
Keep a close eye on your seedling during this process, if you see any signs of stress slow down on the amount of time exposed. You do now want to rush this process because it can end up in sun-scorched leaves or broken stems due to the wind. It is always better to take your time and let the plants gradually get accustomed to their new surroundings.
Give them the best start you can
The hardening-off process is not difficult and many people have a way that works for them and their schedule. The main thing to keep in mind is that you are moving these little plants from a controlled environment to the elements controlled by mother nature and we all know how moody she can be! So just take your time and let your seedling get strong so they can withstand all the elements that might get thrown at them.
Happy Gardening!
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